Calculating a Solar System For ENCA

 

Daily energy consumption of a house with monthly consumption of 2000 kilowatt hr

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Step 1: Convert monthly consumption to daily consumption

Given:

• Monthly consumption = 2,000 kWh
• Number of days in a month = 30 days (assuming a standard month)

$$\text{Daily consumption (kWh)} = \frac{\text{Monthly consumption (kWh)}}{\text{Days in a month}}$$

Daily consumption (kWh)=Days in a monthMonthly consumption (kWh)

​ $$\text{Daily consumption (kWh)} = \frac{2,000}{30} = 66.67 \, \text{kWh}$$

Daily consumption (kWh)=66.67kWh

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Step 2: Convert daily consumption to watt-hours

Since 1 kWh = 1,000 Wh:

$$\text{Daily consumption (Wh)} = \text{Daily consumption (kWh)} \times 1,000$$

Daily consumption (Wh)=Daily consumption (kWh)×1,000

$$\text{<br>}$$

$$\text{Daily consumption (Wh)} = 66.67 \times 1,000 = 66,670 \, \text{Wh}$$

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Final Answer:

If your monthly energy consumption is 2,000 kWh, your daily energy consumption is approximately 66.67 kWh or 66,670 Wh.

Using 400-watt Solar Panel

How many 400-watt solar panels are needed based on  daily consumption of 66,670 Wh, 

let's calculate:

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Step 1: Factor in system losses

Given:

• Daily consumption = 66,670 Wh
• System loss factor = 1.3

$$\text{Effective energy requirement} = \text{Daily consumption} \times \text{System loss factor}$$

$$\text{Effective energy requirement}=\text{Daily consumption}\times \text{System loss factor}$$ 

$$\text{Effective energy requirement} = 66,670 \times 1.3 = 86,671 \, \text{Wh}$$

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Step 2: Calculate the daily energy output per solar panel

From the previous calculation:

• Solar panel rating = 400 watts
• Peak sunlight hours = 4 hours

$$\text{Daily energy output per panel} = \text{Panel rating} \times \text{Peak sunlight hours}$$

$$\text{Daily energy output per panel}=\text{Panel rating}\times \text{Peak sunlight hours}$$ 

$$\text{Daily energy output per panel} = 400 \times 4 = 1,600 \, \text{Wh}$$

$$\text{Daily energy output per panel}=400\times 4=1,600\text{Wh}$$

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Step 3: Calculate the total number of panels required

$$\text{Number of panels} = \frac{\text{Effective energy requirement}}{\text{Daily energy output per panel}}$$

Number of panels=Daily energy output per panelEffective energy requirement

​ $$\text{Number of panels} = \frac{86,671}{1,600} \approx 54.17$$

Number of panels=1,60086,671​≈54.17

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Step 4: Round up to the nearest whole number

Since you cannot install a fraction of a solar panel:

$$\text{Number of panels} = 55$$

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Final Answer:

To cover a daily energy consumption of 66,670 Wh (with 1.3 system losses and 4 peak sunlight hours), you will need 55 solar panels rated at 400 watts each.

For Solar Panels Rated 850 watts

solar panels are rated 850 watts instead of 400 watts, we can recalculate the number of panels needed based on your daily energy consumption of 66,670 Wh.

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Step 1: Factor in system losses

Given:

• Daily consumption = 66,670 Wh
• System loss factor = 1.3

$$\text{Effective energy requirement} = \text{Daily consumption} \times \text{System loss factor}$$

$$\text{Effective energy requirement}=\text{Daily consumption}\times \text{System loss factor}$$ 

$$\text{Effective energy requirement} = 66,670 \times 1.3 = 86,671 \, \text{Wh}$$

$$\text{Effective energy requirement}=66,670\times 1.3=86,671\text{Wh}$$

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Step 2: Calculate the daily energy output per 850-watt solar panel

Given:

• Solar panel rating = 850 watts
• Peak sunlight hours = 4 hours

$$\text{Daily energy output per panel} = \text{Panel rating} \times \text{Peak sunlight hours}$$

$$\text{Daily energy output per panel}=\text{Panel rating}\times \text{Peak sunlight hours}$$ 

$$\text{Daily energy output per panel} = 850 \times 4 = 3,400 \, \text{Wh}$$

$$\text{Daily energy output per panel}=850\times 4=3,400\text{Wh}$$

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Step 3: Calculate the total number of panels required

$$\text{Number of panels} = \frac{\text{Effective energy requirement}}{\text{Daily energy output per panel}}$$

Number of panels=Daily energy output per panelEffective energy requirement

​ $$\text{Number of panels} = \frac{86,671}{3,400} \approx 25.5$$

Number of panels=3,40086,671​≈25.5

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Step 4: Round up to the nearest whole number

Since you can't install a fraction of a solar panel:

$$\text{Number of panels} = 26$$

$$\text{Number of panels}=26$$

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Final Answer:

If your solar panels are rated 850 watts, you will need 26 solar panels to meet your daily energy consumption of 66,670 Wh, accounting for a 1.3 system loss and 4 hours of peak sunlight.

For Solar Panels rated 650 watts

Solar panels are rated 650 watts instead of 850 watts or 400 watts, we can recalculate the number of panels required to meet your daily energy consumption of 66,670 Wh.

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Step 1: Factor in system losses

Given:

• Daily consumption = 66,670 Wh
• System loss factor = 1.3

$$\text{Effective energy requirement} = \text{Daily consumption} \times \text{System loss factor}$$

$$\text{Effective energy requirement}=\text{Daily consumption}\times \text{System loss factor}$$ 

$$\text{Effective energy requirement} = 66,670 \times 1.3 = 86,671 \, \text{Wh}$$

$$\text{Effective energy requirement}=66,670\times 1.3=86,671\text{Wh}$$

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Step 2: Calculate the daily energy output per 650-watt solar panel

Given:

• Solar panel rating = 650 watts
• Peak sunlight hours = 4 hours

$$\text{Daily energy output per panel} = \text{Panel rating} \times \text{Peak sunlight hours}$$

$$\text{Daily energy output per panel}=\text{Panel rating}\times \text{Peak sunlight hours}$$ 

$$\text{Daily energy output per panel} = 650 \times 4 = 2,600 \, \text{Wh}$$

$$\text{Daily energy output per panel}=650\times 4=2,600\text{Wh}$$

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Step 3: Calculate the total number of panels required

$$\text{Number of panels}=\frac{\text{Effective energy requirement}}{\text{Daily energy output per panel}}$$

​ $$\text{Number of panels} = \frac{86,671}{2,600} \approx 33.33$$

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Step 4: Round up to the nearest whole number

Since you can't install a fraction of a solar panel:

$$\text{Number of panels}=34$$

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Final Answer:

If your solar panels are rated 650 watts, you will need 34 solar panels to meet your daily energy consumption of 66,670 Wh, accounting for a 1.3 system loss and 4 hours of peak sunlight.

Deye Inverter Specification for This System

To determine the appropriate Deye inverter specification for your system, we will need to consider your total solar system size, the energy requirement, and the compatibility between the solar panels and the inverter.

Recap of Solar System Design (650-watt panels)

From our previous computation, your total energy requirement is 86,671 Wh per day, after accounting for system losses.

You are using 650-watt solar panels, and we already calculated the required number of panels as 34.

Step 1: Total Solar System Size

We calculated that:

$$\text{Total solar system capacity} = 650 \, \text{watts/panel} \times 34 \, \text{panels} = 22,100 \, \text{watts} \, \text{or} \, 22.1 \, \text{kW}$$

Step 2: Determine the Inverter Size

The inverter should be sized based on the solar system capacity. Typically, the inverter capacity is selected to match around 80-90% of the total system capacity, depending on the brand and system design.

1. Inverter Sizing Formula:

$$\text{Inverter size} = \text{Total system size} \times \text{Safety margin}$$

Let’s assume a safety margin of 1.25 (which is a typical range for Deye and similar brands).

$$\text{Inverter size} = 22.1 \, \text{kW} \times 1.25 = 27.625 \, \text{kW}$$

So, you would need an inverter with a size of at least 27.6 kW to handle the energy generation of your system.

Step 3: Deye Inverter Specifications

Deye offers string inverters with various power ratings. Based on the system size, you may need to use multiple inverters or a single inverter that can handle the 27.6 kW required.

Here are some Deye inverter models that could be suitable:

1. Deye SUN-10K-SG01LP1 (Single-phase, 10 kW inverter)

   • Inverter Output Power: 10 kW
   • Number of Panels: This inverter can handle around 14 to 16 panels (650W per panel) depending on local conditions.

2. Deye SUN-15K-SG01LP1 (Single-phase, 15 kW inverter)

   • Inverter Output Power: 15 kW
   • Number of Panels: This inverter can handle around 22 panels.

3. Deye SUN-30K-SG01LP1 (Three-phase, 30 kW inverter)

   • Inverter Output Power: 30 kW
   • Number of Panels: This inverter can handle around 46 panels.

Step 4: Number of Inverters

Since the total system size is 22.1 kW, using a single 30 kW inverter might be overkill and can reduce system efficiency due to underutilization. A more balanced approach would be to use two 15 kW inverters (for a total of 30 kW inverter capacity). This provides a good safety margin and ensures your system can handle peak loads.

• Option 1: Two 15 kW inverters: This would provide 30 kW of inverter capacity, which is sufficient for your 22.1 kW system.
• Option 2: One 30 kW inverter: This would also work, though it’s slightly oversized for your needs.

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Final Recommendation:

For your system with 34 panels rated at 650W each, a Deye inverter setup could be:

• Two Deye SUN-15K-SG01LP1 (15 kW each) inverters: This gives you 30 kW, which will be more than enough to handle your total system size of 22.1 kW.

Or, if you prefer a single inverter:

• One Deye SUN-30K-SG01LP1 (30 kW three-phase inverter): This will also work for your system, though it might be slightly oversized.

Key Considerations:

• Safety Margin: Deye inverters have a good margin of overcapacity, but be mindful of performance under low or high light conditions.
• Grid Type: Make sure the inverter is compatible with your grid type (single-phase or three-phase).
• Future Expandability: If you plan to expand your system in the future, selecting a larger inverter or multiple inverters would make sense.

With Solar Battery Backup or Hybrid System

Using a storage battery (e.g., a solar battery backup or hybrid system) alongside your solar panels, you'll need an inverter that is capable of both solar energy conversion and battery integration. Inverters designed for solar + storage are known as hybrid inverters.

Choosing a Deye Hybrid Inverter

Deye offers hybrid inverters that combine solar generation with battery storage integration. These inverters allow you to store excess solar energy generated during the day into batteries, which can then be used during the night or during power outages.

Key Features of Hybrid Inverters:

1. Solar Energy Conversion: The inverter converts the DC energy from your solar panels into AC power for use in your home.
2. Battery Charging/Discharging: The hybrid inverter has the capability to charge your batteries from the solar panels during the day and discharge them when needed (at night or during power outages).
3. Energy Management: Some hybrid inverters, such as Deye's, also include advanced energy management features that can prioritize solar energy use, battery storage, and grid connection.

Deye Hybrid Inverters

Deye’s hybrid inverters can be used for residential or small commercial applications where energy storage is desired. Let's look at the specifications and how you can select the appropriate inverter based on your total system size.

1. Deye SUN-10K-SG01LP1-H (Hybrid Inverter)

• Rated Output Power: 10 kW
• Battery Input Voltage Range: 48 V (Typically compatible with 48 V battery systems)
• Max Solar Input Power: 13,000 W (supports up to 650W panels)
• Max Battery Charging Power: 5 kW
• AC Output: Single-phase
• Battery Type Compatibility: Lithium-ion and Lead-acid batteries.
• Grid-tied: Yes, with backup power function.

This inverter is suitable for systems that require energy storage and grid interaction. If you are using 48 V batteries, this inverter can handle charging and discharging them while managing your grid connection and solar generation.

2. Deye SUN-15K-SG01LP1-H (Hybrid Inverter)

• Rated Output Power: 15 kW
• Battery Input Voltage Range: 48 V
• Max Solar Input Power: 19,500 W
• Max Battery Charging Power: 7.5 kW
• AC Output: Single-phase
• Battery Type Compatibility: Lithium-ion and Lead-acid batteries.
• Grid-tied: Yes, with backup power function.

This inverter is a good option for systems with larger energy needs, or if you are using a larger battery bank and want faster battery charging. It's suitable for homes with high energy consumption or larger battery storage systems.

3. Deye SUN-30K-SG01LP1-H (Hybrid Inverter)

• Rated Output Power: 30 kW
• Battery Input Voltage Range: 600 V
• Max Solar Input Power: 39,000 W
• Max Battery Charging Power: 15 kW
• AC Output: Three-phase
• Battery Type Compatibility: Lithium-ion and Lead-acid batteries.
• Grid-tied: Yes, with backup power function.

This inverter is suitable for larger commercial systems or homes with significantly higher power needs and a large battery bank. If you're planning for multiple inverters in parallel to handle larger storage capacities or higher energy demands, this model can be an excellent choice.

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Sizing the Deye Hybrid Inverter with Battery Storage

For your system, let's consider the following:

• Total system capacity: 22.1 kW (based on 34 panels at 650W each).
• Battery storage: Assuming you're looking for a moderate amount of storage (e.g., 10 kWh to 20 kWh of battery storage).

Step 1: Determine Your Energy Needs

You already have a daily energy requirement of 10,528 Wh (or 10.5 kWh). With battery storage, the goal is to ensure you have enough energy stored to meet your overnight or cloudy day needs.

• For overnight use, you would need a battery bank that can provide 10.5 kWh (assuming a fully off-grid solution). To accommodate any system losses or inefficiencies, you might size the battery bank to 15 kWh or 20 kWh for a more resilient system.

Step 2: Determine the Inverter Capacity

If your total solar system capacity is 22.1 kW and you're planning to store excess solar power in batteries, the inverter needs to handle both the solar generation and battery management.

For a 22.1 kW solar system, a 15 kW hybrid inverter (like the Deye SUN-15K-SG01LP1-H) would be sufficient, with enough capacity to convert your solar energy and manage the charging/discharging of your battery bank.

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Final Recommendation

If you are planning to integrate battery storage, I would recommend:

1. Deye SUN-15K-SG01LP1-H Hybrid Inverter (15 kW), which would handle your solar generation (22.1 kW system) and integrate with battery storage of 10-20 kWh. This inverter has the right balance of price, efficiency, and performance for residential systems with solar and storage.

If you’re planning a larger battery bank or larger commercial installation, consider going with the Deye SUN-30K-SG01LP1-H for a higher capacity.

Key Points to Consider:

• Ensure your battery system is 48 V or 600 V, depending on the inverter you select.
• Consider battery capacity based on your overnight or grid downtime energy needs (typically 10-20 kWh for residential setups).
• The Deye hybrid inverters will help you optimize energy storage, manage excess solar production, and provide backup power during outages.

To design a battery storage system that integrates well with your solar system, you need to choose the right battery type, battery size, and configuration that will complement your solar panels and hybrid inverter setup. Since you're using a Deye Hybrid Inverter (e.g., Deye SUN-15K-SG01LP1-H), we'll focus on battery options that are compatible with this inverter and are efficient for your solar + storage setup.

Key Battery Requirements for Your System

1. Battery Type Compatibility: The Deye hybrid inverter is compatible with Lithium-ion or Lead-acid batteries.

   • Lithium-ion batteries are more efficient, last longer (up to 10-15 years), and have a higher depth of discharge (DoD) compared to lead-acid batteries, making them a better choice for modern solar systems.
   • Lead-acid batteries are cheaper upfront but have a shorter lifespan and lower DoD, meaning they can’t be discharged as deeply without damage.

2. Voltage Compatibility: The Deye hybrid inverter supports battery input voltages of 48V (for the 10 kW and 15 kW models). Thus, you will need to choose batteries with a 48V system voltage.

3. Capacity: Based on your daily energy consumption and backup requirements, we’ll calculate the battery capacity you need. For instance, if you want to store energy to meet a full day’s consumption (10.5 kWh), you’ll need at least 10.5 kWh of battery storage. However, to ensure sufficient backup capacity for a few cloudy days or power outages, you may want to increase this to 15 kWh or 20 kWh.

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Battery Options for Your System

1. Lithium-ion Battery Options

Lithium-ion batteries are efficient, compact, and have longer lifespan compared to lead-acid. Here are some good options for your system:

1.1. BYD Battery-Box Premium HVS 10.1 kWh

• Voltage: 51.2V (compatible with 48V systems)
• Capacity: 10.1 kWh (expandable to 20.2 kWh with two units)
• Depth of Discharge (DoD): 90-95%
• Warranty: 10 years
• Weight: 120 kg per unit
• Advantages: High efficiency, long lifespan, easy scalability, and good performance in warm climates like the Philippines.

1.2. Pylontech US3000C (48V)

• Voltage: 48V
• Capacity: 3.5 kWh per unit
• Depth of Discharge (DoD): 90%
• Warranty: 10 years
• Weight: 43 kg per unit
• Advantages: Compact, reliable, scalable (multiple units can be combined), widely used in residential solar systems.

1.3. Solis Battery (48V)

• Voltage: 48V
• Capacity: 5 kWh per unit
• Depth of Discharge (DoD): 90%
• Warranty: 10 years
• Weight: 75 kg per unit
• Advantages: Designed for high-performance solar systems, flexible configuration options.

2. Lead-acid Battery Options

If you're looking for a more budget-friendly option and are okay with the limitations of lower lifespan and lower efficiency, lead-acid batteries are an option. However, I recommend considering these only if you’re trying to cut initial costs.

2.1. Trojan T-105 (6V) Lead-Acid Battery

• Voltage: 6V (You need to connect 8 in series for a 48V system)
• Capacity: 225 Ah (1.35 kWh per battery)
• Depth of Discharge (DoD): 50% (max)
• Warranty: 5 years
• Weight: 61.2 kg per unit
• Advantages: Affordable upfront cost, reliable inverters, commonly available in the market.

2.2. Rolls-Surrette S-530 (6V)

• Voltage: 6V (Again, 8 batteries needed for 48V system)
• Capacity: 420 Ah (2.52 kWh per battery)
• Depth of Discharge (DoD): 50% (max)
• Warranty: 7-10 years
• Weight: 60.7 kg per unit
• Advantages: Known for good performance and lifespan.

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Step 1: Determine Your Battery Capacity

System Requirements:

• Daily energy consumption: 10.5 kWh.
• Desired battery backup: To ensure reliable operation during nights and cloudy days, we'll target 15-20 kWh of battery storage.

Step 2: Calculate Number of Batteries Needed

Let’s calculate the number of batteries needed for 15 kWh and 20 kWh storage requirements, using the Pylontech US3000C (3.5 kWh per unit) as an example.

For 15 kWh of Storage:

$$\frac{15 \, \text{kWh}}{3.5 \, \text{kWh/battery}} = 4.29 \, \text{batteries}$$

• Round up: You would need 5 Pylontech US3000C batteries for 15 kWh of storage.

For 20 kWh of Storage:

$$\frac{20 \, \text{kWh}}{3.5 \, \text{kWh/battery}} = 5.71 \, \text{batteries}$$

• Round up: You would need 6 Pylontech US3000C batteries for 20 kWh of storage.

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Step 3: Best Battery Connection and Setup

You’ll need to connect your batteries in series and parallel, depending on your desired system voltage and total capacity.

Series Connection (to match the voltage of 48V):

• In a series connection, you increase the voltage while maintaining the same capacity.
  • For example, to make a 48V system, you will connect 12V batteries in series.
  • In the case of Pylontech US3000C (48V) batteries, each is already designed for 48V, so you can connect multiple units in parallel to increase capacity.

Parallel Connection (to increase storage capacity):

• Parallel connection is used to increase the overall storage capacity. So, you can connect 5 or 6 batteries in parallel to meet your desired storage capacity.

For Example:

• 5 batteries in parallel = 15 kWh of storage.
• 6 batteries in parallel = 20 kWh of storage.

Step 4: Connect the Batteries to the Deye Hybrid Inverter

• Battery input voltage: The Deye hybrid inverter accepts a 48V battery input. You will need to connect the batteries to the inverter’s battery terminal and configure them accordingly.
• Energy management: The Deye hybrid inverter will manage battery charging, discharging, and solar energy flow based on your system’s needs.

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Final Recommendations

1. Battery Type: Use Lithium-ion batteries (e.g., Pylontech US3000C, BYD Battery-Box, or Solis Battery). These are more efficient, have a longer lifespan, and are compatible with your Deye hybrid inverter.

2. Battery Capacity: Based on your energy needs, choose a battery bank size between 15 kWh and 20 kWh. For example, 5 Pylontech US3000C batteries would give you 15 kWh, and 6 batteries would give you 20 kWh of storage.

3. Battery Connection: Connect the batteries in parallel (to increase capacity) and use 48V systems for compatibility with the Deye inverter.

4. Inverter Setup: The Deye SUN-15K-SG01LP1-H hybrid inverter will seamlessly manage the energy flow between solar generation, battery storage, and grid.